The use of virtual reality (VR) simulation to train surgeons has been supported by a body of
experimental data derived from randomized trials of VR simulation training versus no such …

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) involves a multidimensional series of tasks requiring a
synthesis between visual information and the kinematics and dynamics of the surgical tools …

PURPOSE: The study aim was to demonstrate that a new database tool for assessment of
surgical resident operative skills discerns predictable progression in those skills over …

Background Video-based review is paramount for operative performance assessment but
can be laborious when performed manually. Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) is a well …

Methods Three providers with varying levels of experience [attending physician
(experienced), emergency medicine resident (intermediate), and postdoctoral student with …

Objective To evaluate motion analysis as a discriminator of ophthalmic plastic surgical skill
between surgeons of varying experience. Methods Thirty subjects were divided into 3 …

Training systems based on virtual reality are used in several areas, as in the medical
sciences. In these systems the user is immersed into a virtual world to have realistic training …

For decades surgery and robotics were progressing along two parallel paths. In surgery,
minimally invasivesurgery (MIS) revolutionized the way a significant number of surgical …

Background: The relatively good haemodynamic and respiratory tolerance to abdominal
CO2 insufflation has mostly been observed in healthy patients during short‐lasting …

Training systems based on virtual reality are used in several areas. In these systems the
user is immersed into a virtual and interactive environment to perform realistic training. In …