The three-dimensional printing (3DP) also known as the additive manufacturing (AM), a
novel and futuristic technology that facilitates the printing of multiscale, biomimetic, intricate …

Tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine integrate information and technology
from various fields to restore/replace tissues and damaged organs for medical treatments …

Natural bone constitutes a complex and organized structure of organic and inorganic
components with limited ability to regenerate and restore injured tissues, especially in large …

Nanocellulose, a biopolymer, has received wide attention from researchers owing to its
superior physicochemical properties, such as high mechanical strength, low density …

The 3D-printed hybrid biodegradable hydrogels composed of alginate, gelatin, and
cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were prepared to provide a favorable environment for cell …

In recent decades synthetic polymers have gained increasing popularity, and nowadays
they are an integral part of people's daily lives. In addition, owing to their competitive …

The ever-increasing demands for materials with desirable properties led to the development
of materials that impose unfavorable influences on the environment and the ecosystem …

Bone diseases, such as bone defects, cartilage damage, osteomyelitis, and osteoporosis,
are a primary focus area in current research. Cellulose and its derivatives, the most …

Poly (lactic acid)(PLA) is an aliphatic polyester that can be derived from natural and
renewable resources. Owing to favorable features, such as biocompatibility …

Tissue engineering is a well-proven technique for the creation of functional alternatives for
regenerative medicine and plays a critical role in patient treatment. Several natural-origin …