The expansion of the penal system has been one of the most dramatic trends in
contemporary American society. A wealth of research has examined the impact of …

In the past three decades, incarceration has become an increasingly powerful force for
reproducing and reinforcing social inequalities. A new wave of sociological research details …

In the era of mass incarceration, over 600,000 people are released from federal or state
prison each year, with many returning to chaotic living environments rife with violence. In …

Using a random judge design and panel data from Norway, we estimate that imprisonment
discourages further criminal behavior, with reoffense probabilities falling by 29 percentage …

Over 130,000 juveniles are detained in the United States each year with 70,000 in detention
on any given day, yet little is known about whether such a penalty deters future crime or …

Background Children with conduct problems that persist into adulthood are at increased risk
for future behavioral, health, and social problems. However, the longer term public service …

The rise of mass incarceration in the United States is one of the most critical outcomes of the
last half-century. Incarceration Nation offers the most compelling explanation of this outcome …

This revised and updated fifth edition of Immigrant America: A Portrait provides a
comprehensive and current overview of immigration to the United States, including its …

Over the last thirty years, the prison population in the United States has increased more than
seven-fold to over two million people, including vastly disproportionate numbers of …

Every year, hundreds of thousands of jailed Americans leave prison and return to society.
Largely uneducated, unskilled, often without family support, and with the stigma of a prison …