Neuropsychiatric disorders, such as major depression, anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic
stress disorder, tend to be long-term conditions in whose development and maintenance …

Patients with depression almost inevitably exhibit abnormalities in sleep, such as shortened
latency to enter rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and decrease in electroencephalogram …

Chronic stress is a major risk factor for psychiatric disorders, including depression. Although
depression is a highly heterogeneous syndrome, it remains unclear how chronic stress …

Different brain regions' interactions have been implicated in relevant neurological diseases,
such as major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety disorders, age-dependent cognitive …

Background The habenula is an epithalamic brain structure that acts as a neuroanatomical
hub connecting the limbic forebrain to the major monoamine centres. Abnormal habenula …

Abstract N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor hypofunctionality is a well-studied
hypothesis for schizophrenia pathophysiology, and daily dosing of the NMDA receptor co …

Persistent stress increases the probability for developing depression significantly thereafter.
Repeated social defeat stress is a widely used model to investigate depressive-like behavior …

Despite extensive research in recent decades, knowledge of the pathophysiology of
depression in neural circuits remains limited. Recently, the lateral habenula (LHb) has been …

Strain differences have been reported for motor behaviors, and only a subset of spinal cord
injury (SCI) patients develop neuropathic pain, implicating genetic or genomic contribution …

Hypofunction of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) has been proposed to underlie
the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, suggesting that promoting NMDAR activity may …