Being born small lays the foundation for short-term and long-term implications for life.
Intrauterine or fetal growth restriction describes the pregnancy complication of pathological …

During the development of the pulmonary vasculature in the fetus, many structural and
functional changes occur to prepare the lung for the transition to air breathing. The …

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and emphysema are significant global health problems at the
extreme stages of life. Both are characterized by arrested alveolar development or loss of …

Background—Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and pulmonary emphysema, both
significant global health problems, are characterized by a loss of alveoli. Vascular …

During embryogenesis, the development and differentiation of the eye requires the
concomitant formation of the neural/glial elements along with a dense vascular network. The …

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that occurs in preterm infants
who require mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy for postnatal respiratory distress. 1 …

During angiogenesis, endothelial cell growth, migration, and tube formation are regulated by
pro-and anti-angiogenic factors, matrix-degrading proteases, and cell–extracellular matrix …

▪ Abstract Past studies have primarily focused on how altered lung vascular growth and
development contribute to pulmonary hypertension. Recently, basic studies of vascular …

Despite many recent advances, PVD remains an important contributor to poor outcomes in
preterm infants with BPD. Substantial challenges persist, especially with regard to …

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that occurs in very premature
infants and is characterized by impaired alveologenesis. This ultimate phase of lung …