Objective: It is hypothesized that alcohol use is reinforcing when used as a strategy to cope with negative affect. Although the evidence for this hypothesis in observational data is weak …
The replication crisis of the past decade has taught us that our literature is severely biased. Many empirical findings underlying our theories cannot be replicated. Although the extent of …
Heightened sensitivity to costs during decision making consistently has been related to substance use. However, no work in this area has manipulated cost information to examine …