The critical importance of the immunoregulatory mechanisms, which prevent adverse
responses to dietary proteins is demonstrated by the consequences of their failure in two …

The proximal part of the small intestine, including duodenum and jejunum, is not only
dedicated to nutrient digestion and absorption but is also a highly regulated immune site …

Despite the near ubiquitous presence of Ig‐based antibodies in vertebrates, IgE is unique to
mammals. How and why it emerged remains mysterious. IgE expression is greatly …

The last few decades have seen striking changes in the field of food allergy. The prevalence
of the disease has risen dramatically in many parts of the globe, and management of the …

T follicular helper (Tfh) cells help direct the production of antibodies by B cells. In addition to
promoting antibody responses to vaccination and infection, Tfh cells have been found to …

Highlights•Tfh cells are phenotypically diverse.•Complex signaling and metabolic networks
control Tfh cell differentiation.•The context in which Tfh are generated affects their …

Honeybees have been helpful insects since ancient centuries, and this benefit is not limited
to being a honey producer only. After the bee stings a person, pain, and swelling occur in …

Atopy is considered the epidemic of the 21st century, and while decades of research have
established a direct link between Th2 cells driving pathogenic IgE-mediated allergic …

Human T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play a crucial role in orchestrating B cell differentiation,
maturation, and immunoglobulin class switching. Recent studies have underscored the …