In this communication, the Standardization and Terminology Committee (STC) of the
International Society of Biomechanics proposes a definition of a joint coordinate system …

Abstract Background and Purpose. Treatment of patients with impingement symptoms
commonly includes exercises intended to restore “normal” movement patterns. Evidence …

There is a growing body of literature associating abnormal scapular positions and motions,
and, to a lesser degree, clavicular kinematics with a variety of shoulder pathologies. The …

Written by the foremost authority on the subject, Kinetics of Human Motion is the sequel and
companion to the 1998 text Kinematics of Human Motion. World-renowned biomechanics …

Subacromial impingement syndrome is the most common disorder of the shoulder, resulting
in functional loss and disability in the patients that it affects. This musculoskeletal disorder …

Background: Many prior studies have evaluated shoulder motion, yet no three-dimensional
analysis comparing the combined clavicular, scapular, and humeral motion during arm …

The purpose of this study was to describe 3-dimensional scapular motion patterns during
dynamic shoulder movements with the use of a direct technique. Direct measurement of …

The validation of two noninvasive methods for measuring the dynamic three-dimensional
kinematics of the human scapula with a magnetic tracking device is presented. One method …

Rehabilitation robots have become important tools in stroke rehabilitation. Compared to
manual arm training, robot‐supported training can be more intensive, of longer duration and …

Shoulder function is a compromise between mobility and stability. Its large mobility is based
on the structure of the glenohumeral joint and simultaneous motion of all segments of the …