Background In metastatic breast cancer, hormone and/or human epidermal growth factor
receptor 2 (HER2)–targeted therapy decision-making is still largely based on tissue …

Background: Brain metastasis (BM) is an increasingly common and devastating
complication of breast cancer (BC). Methods: A systematic literature search of EMBASE and …

Background Breast cancer (BC) brain metastases (BM) can have discordant hormonal or
human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression compared with corresponding …

Background Breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM) develop in about 20–30% of breast
cancer (BC) patients. BCBM are associated with dismal prognosis not at least due to lack of …

Brain metastases are frequently treated with radiation. It is critical to distinguish recurrent or
progressive brain metastases (RPBM) from late or delayed radiation injury (LDRI). The …

Background Breast cancer treatment is based on estrogen receptors (ERs), progesterone
receptors (PRs), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). At the time of …

Discordance in estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and HER2/neu status between primary
breast tumours and metastatic disease is well recognized. In this review, we highlight how …

Introduction We investigated the status of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), progesterone
receptor (PR), and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in primary tumor and in the …

Background. The aim of this study was to describe clinicopathologic features of patients with
breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM); to evaluate survival after diagnosis of BCBM; and to …

The identification of predictive factors of response is critical for the development and
appropriate use of anti-cancer agents. The evaluation of biomarkers is usually performed by …