Abiotic stresses and soil nutrient limitations are major environmental conditions that reduce
plant growth, productivity and quality. Plants have evolved mechanisms to perceive these …

Legumes, unlike most land plants, can form symbiotic root nodules with nitrogen‐fixing
bacteria to secure nitrogen for growth. The formation of nitrogen‐fixing nodules on legume …

Nitrate is an essential nutrient and signaling molecule for plant growth. Plants sense
intracellular nitrate to adjust their metabolic and growth responses. Here we identify the …

The visual deficiency symptoms developing on plants constitute the ultimate manifestation of
suboptimal nutrient supply. In classical plant nutrition, these symptoms have been …

The Green Revolution of the 1960s improved crop yields in part through the widespread
cultivation of semidwarf plant varieties, which resist lodging but require a high-nitrogen (N) …

Nitrogen (N) is the driving force for crop yields; however, excessive N application in
agriculture not only increases production cost, but also causes severe environmental …

BACKGROUND Although plants are dependent on the capture of a number of elemental
nutrients from the soil, the principal nutrients that limit plant productivity are nitrogen (N) and …

Plants use nitrate, ammonium, and organic nitrogen in the soil as nitrogen sources. Since
the elevated CO2 environment predicted for the near future will reduce nitrate utilization by …

Contents Summary 35 I. Introduction 35 II. Nitrogen acquisition and assimilation 36 III. Root‐
to‐shoot transport of nitrogen 38 IV. Nitrogen storage pools in vegetative tissues 39 V …

Nitrogen accounts for approximately 60% of the fertilizer consumed each year; thus, it
represents one of the major input costs for most nonlegume crops. Nitrate is one of the two …