Extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides promote a vast range of physiological responses,
via activation of cell surface purinergic receptors. Virtually all tissues and cell types exhibit …

In his 1665 treatise, Micrographia, Robert Hooke described the many observations he had
made using a microscope, including compartment-like structures in cork samples that he …

The immunogenic demise of cancer cells can be induced by various chemotherapeutics,
such as anthracyclines and oxaliplatin, and provokes an immune response against tumor …

Abstract α-Synuclein (αS) is a presynaptic disordered protein whose aberrant aggregation is
associated with Parkinson's disease. The functional role of αS is still debated, although it …

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a universal mediator of metabolism and signaling across
unicellular and multicellular species. There is a fundamental interdependence between the …

Sub-diffraction resolution imaging has played a pivotal role in biological research by
visualizing key, but previously unresolvable, sub-cellular structures. Unfortunately …

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is essential for neuronal differentiation and
survival. We know that BDNF levels decline in the brains of patients with Huntington's …

Exocytosis is the fundamental process by which cells communicate with each other. The
events that lead up to the fusion of a vesicle loaded with chemical messenger with the cell …

Background Electroporation, a method for increasing the permeability of membranes to ions
and small molecules, is used in the clinic with chemotherapeutic drugs for cancer treatment …

Here, we studied the potential role of inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) as an energy source
for ADP and ATP formation in the extracellular space. In SaOS-2 cells, we show that matrix …