During pregnancy, several tightly coordinated and regulated processes take place to enable
proper fetal development and gestational success. The formation and development of the …

Implantation involves an extensive cross talk between the trophoblast cells and the receptive
endometrium through embryonic as well as endometrial‐derived factors that regulate the …

Introduction The placenta, a transient organ in humans, is essential for pregnancy
maintenance and fetal development. Trophoblast and stromal cells are the main cell types …

As an essential component of the maternal-fetal interface, the placental syncytiotrophoblast
layer contributes to a successful pregnancy by secreting hormones necessary for …

In humans, cell fusion is restricted to only a few cell types under normal conditions. In the
placenta, cell fusion is a critical process for generating syncytiotrophoblast: the giant …

Human placental villi have essential roles in producing hormones, mediating nutrient and
waste exchange, and protecting the fetus from exposure to xenobiotics. Human trophoblast …

Aims/hypothesis Pregnancy, a state of insulin resistance, is associated with elevated levels
of cytokines and profound alterations in metabolism. Serum adiponectin, an adipokine with …

Normal function of the placenta is pivotal for optimal fetal growth and development. Fetal
programming commonly is associated with placental dysfunction that predisposes to …

p38 is a MAPK that has been shown to induce a wide variety of biological effects in cell
culture, in response to a wide range of stimuli. These effects are dependent not only on the …

Human endogenous retrovirus (HERV)-encoded Syncytin-1 has been suggested to play a
major role in trophoblast cell fusion and thereby placenta development. However, recent …