A review of micronutrients and the immune system–working in harmony to reduce the risk of infection

AF Gombart, A Pierre, S Maggini - Nutrients, 2020 - mdpi.com
Immune support by micronutrients is historically based on vitamin C deficiency and
supplementation in scurvy in early times. It has since been established that the complex …

Nutritional components in Western diet versus Mediterranean diet at the gut microbiota–immune system interplay. Implications for health and disease

C García-Montero, O Fraile-Martínez… - Nutrients, 2021 - mdpi.com
The most prevalent diseases of our time, non-communicable diseases (NCDs)(including
obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and some types of cancer) are rising …

Macronutrient metabolism by the human gut microbiome: major fermentation by-products and their impact on host health

K Oliphant, E Allen-Vercoe - Microbiome, 2019 - Springer
The human gut microbiome is a critical component of digestion, breaking down complex
carbohydrates, proteins, and to a lesser extent fats that reach the lower gastrointestinal tract …

Food components and dietary habits: keys for a healthy gut microbiota composition

E Rinninella, M Cintoni, P Raoul, LR Lopetuso… - Nutrients, 2019 - mdpi.com
The gut microbiota is a changing ecosystem, containing trillions of bacteria, continuously
shaped by many factors, such as dietary habits, seasonality, lifestyle, stress, antibiotics use …

[HTML][HTML] Vitamins, the gut microbiome and gastrointestinal health in humans

VT Pham, S Dold, A Rehman, JK Bird, RE Steinert - Nutrition Research, 2021 - Elsevier
The gut microbiome plays important roles in the maintenance of host health and the
pathogenesis of many diseases. Diet is a key modulator of the gut microbiome. There is …

Intestinal barrier and permeability in health, obesity and NAFLD

P Portincasa, L Bonfrate, M Khalil, MD Angelis… - Biomedicines, 2021 - mdpi.com
The largest surface of the human body exposed to the external environment is the gut. At this
level, the intestinal barrier includes luminal microbes, the mucin layer, gastrointestinal …

[HTML][HTML] Effects of psychological, environmental and physical stressors on the gut microbiota

JP Karl, AM Hatch, SM Arcidiacono… - Frontiers in …, 2018 - frontiersin.org
Stress, a ubiquitous part of daily human life, has varied biological effects which are
increasingly recognized as including modulation of commensal microorganisms residing in …

Rebuilding the gut microbiota ecosystem

A Gagliardi, V Totino, F Cacciotti, V Iebba… - International journal of …, 2018 - mdpi.com
A microbial ecosystem in which bacteria no longer live in a mutualistic association is called
dysbiotic. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is a condition related with the pathogenesis of intestinal …

[HTML][HTML] The interaction among gut microbes, the intestinal barrier and short chain fatty acids

J Ma, X Piao, S Mahfuz, S Long, J Wang - Animal Nutrition, 2022 - Elsevier
The mammalian gut is inhabited by a massive and complicated microbial community, in
which the host achieves a stable symbiotic environment through the interdependence …

Vitamin B6 in health and disease

K Stach, W Stach, K Augoff - Nutrients, 2021 - mdpi.com
Vitamin B6 is a fascinating molecule involved in the vast majority of changes in the human
body because it is a coenzyme involved in over 150 biochemical reactions. It is active in the …