Kratom—pharmacology, clinical implications, and outlook: a comprehensive review

SC Eastlack, EM Cornett, AD Kaye - Pain and therapy, 2020 - Springer
Kratom, or Mitragyna, is a tropical plant indigenous to Southeast Asia, with unique
pharmacological properties. It is commonly consumed by preparing the leaves into …

A systematic review of (pre) clinical studies on the therapeutic potential and safety profile of kratom in humans

E Prevete, KPC Kuypers, EL Theunissen… - Human …, 2022 - Wiley Online Library
Abstract Introduction Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a tropical plant traditionally used as an
ethnomedicinal remedy for several conditions in South East Asia. Despite the increased …

Therapeutic benefit with caveats?: Analyzing social media data to understand the complexities of kratom use

KE Smith, JM Rogers, D Schriefer… - Drug and Alcohol …, 2021 - Elsevier
Background Mitragyna speciosa, referred to as “kratom”, is increasingly used in the United
States for self-treating pain, psychiatric, and substance use disorder symptoms. It is used by …

[HTML][HTML] Kratom policy: the challenge of balancing therapeutic potential with public safety

WC Prozialeck, BA Avery, EW Boyer… - International Journal of …, 2019 - Elsevier
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a tree-like plant indigenous to Southeast Asia. Its leaves,
and the teas brewed from them have long been used by people in that region to stave off …

Mitragynine attenuates morphine withdrawal effects in rats—a comparison with methadone and buprenorphine

R Hassan, C Pike See, S Sreenivasan… - Frontiers in …, 2020 - frontiersin.org
Background Opiate addiction is a major health problem in many countries. A crucial
component of the medical treatment is the management of highly aversive opiate withdrawal …

Social, psychological, and substance use characteristics of US adults who use kratom: Initial findings from an online, crowdsourced study.

KE Smith, KE Dunn, O Grundmann… - Experimental and …, 2022 - psycnet.apa.org
Kratom, a plant that produces opioid-like effects, has gained popularity in the US for self-
treating symptoms of chronic pain, mood disorders, and substance-use disorders (SUDs) …

Clinical Implications of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Use: a Literature Review

E Prevete, KPC Kuypers, EL Theunissen… - Current Addiction …, 2023 - Springer
Abstract Purpose of Review This work aims to provide an up-to-date review of the preclinical
and clinical scientific literature on the therapeutic value of kratom to better understand the …

Beneficial and adverse health effects of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): a critical review of the literature

J Heywood, S Smallets, D Paustenbach - Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2024 - Elsevier
Abstract Used in Southeast Asia for generations, kratom gained popularity in the United
States and elsewhere over the past several decades. Derived from Mitragyna speciosa …

Kratom (Mitragyna Speciosa) Liver Injury: A Comprehensive Review

J Schimmel, RC Dart - Drugs, 2020 - Springer
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) leaves contain the mu opioid partial agonists mitragynine and
7-hydroxymitragynine. The US Drug Enforcement Agency considers it a 'drug of concern' …

Kratom abuse potential 2021: an updated eight factor analysis

JE Henningfield, DW Wang, MA Huestis - Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2022 - frontiersin.org
Drugs are regulated in the United States (US) by the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) if
assessment of their abuse potential, including public health risks, show such control is …