CD40 is a TNF receptor superfamily member expressed on both immune and non-immune
cells. Interactions between B cell-expressed CD40 and its binding partner, CD40L …

Purpose Patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDD) may present with
recurrent infections affecting different organs, organ-specific inflammation/autoimmunity, and …

The epidemiological characteristics of paracoccidioidomycosis were reviewed and updated.
The new endemic areas in Brazil were discussed in the section regarding the geographic …

Naive CD4+ T cells differentiate into specific effector subsets—Th1, Th2, Th17, and T
follicular helper (Tfh)—that provide immunity against pathogen infection. The signaling …

Genetic defects of the immune system are referred to as primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs).
These immunodeficiencies are clinically and immunologically heterogeneous and …

The global burden of fungal diseases has been increasing, as a result of the expanding
number of susceptible individuals including people living with human immunodeficiency …

Talaromyces (Penicillium) marneffei is an AIDS-defining infection in Southeast Asia and is
associated with high mortality. It is rare in non-immunosuppressed individuals, especially …

Hyper-IgM (HIGM) syndrome is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by normal
or elevated serum IgM levels associated with absent or decreased IgG, IgA and IgE. Here …

Background Studies have suggested that soluble factors in plasma from patients with active
(aBD) and inactive (iBD) Behçet's disease (BD) stimulate neutrophil function. Soluble CD40 …

ABSTRACT Introduction: CD40 ligand (CD40L) deficiency or X-linked Hyper-IgM syndrome
is a severe primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the CD40L gene. Despite …