Active fluids exhibit spontaneous flows with complex spatiotemporal structure, which have
been observed in bacterial suspensions, sperm cells, cytoskeletal suspensions, self …

Active matter extracts energy from its surroundings at the single particle level and transforms
it into mechanical work. Examples include cytoskeleton biopolymers and bacterial …

The remarkable processes that characterize living organisms, such as motility, self-healing
and reproduction, are fuelled by a continuous injection of energy at the microscale. The field …

Various types of structures self-organised by animals exist in nature, such as bird flocks and
insect swarms, which stem from the local communications of vast numbers of limited …

The fabrication of responsive photonic structures from cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) that
can operate in the entire visible spectrum is challenging due to the requirements of precise …

The cytoskeleton is the major mechanical structure of the cell; it is a complex, dynamic
biopolymer network comprising microtubules, actin, and intermediate filaments. Both the …

INTRODUCTION Conventional nonequilibrium systems are composed of inanimate
components whose dynamics is powered by the external input of energy. For example, in a …

A landmark of turbulence is the emergence of universal scaling laws, such as Kolmogorov's
E (q)~ q− 5∕ 3 scaling of the kinetic energy spectrum of inertial turbulence with the …

Living cells sense the mechanical features of their environment and adapt to it by actively
remodeling their peripheral network of filamentary proteins, known as cortical cytoskeleton …

Active fluids exhibit complex turbulentlike flows at low Reynolds number. Recent work
predicted that 2D active nematic turbulence follows scaling laws with universal exponents …