Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become one of the main energy storage solutions in
modern society. The application fields and market share of LIBs have increased rapidly and …

Recycling is always seen as an end-of-pipe process returning as much material as possible
into a circular economy. There is a growing school of thought that suggests product design …

Worldwide trends in mobile electrification, largely driven by the popularity of electric vehicles
(EVs) will skyrocket demands for lithium‐ion battery (LIB) production. As such, up to four …

Recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is of great importance for both critical metal
supply and environmental protection. Although the physical chemistry is still focused on …

Electro-mobility is considered a key strategy to reduce GHG emissions in the transport sector
and to make individual mobility more sustainable. However, the production of electric …

The increasing usage of electrical drive systems and stationary energy storage worldwide
lead to a high demand of raw materials for the production of lithium-ion batteries. To prevent …

Lithium-ion batteries will play a crucial role in the development of mobile consumer devices,
stationary energy storage systems, and electric mobility. The growth in these fields will bring …

In the recent years, increasing attention has been posed towards enhancing the
sustainability of manufacturing processes by reducing the consumption of resources and key …

The rapid global growth in the production of electric vehicles (EVs) will produce numerous
waste power battery modules (WPBMs) in the future, which will create significant challenges …

Less than 5 per cent of the lithium-ion batteries in the world are recycled. The few processes
that are available are highly inefficient and the costs to recycle lithium is three times as high …