Microalgae biotechnology is a promising pathway to cope with CO 2 emission and energy
crisis due to high CO 2 fixation rate and lipids productivity. However, bottlenecks of high …

Diatoms are the world's most diverse group of algae, comprising at least 100,000 species.
Contributing~ 20% of annual global carbon fixation, they underpin major aquatic food webs …

Fucoxanthin is a major light-harvesting pigment in ecologically important algae such as
diatoms, haptophytes, and brown algae (Phaeophyceae). Therefore, it is a major driver of …

Reef‐building corals in the genus Porites are one of the most important constituents of Indo‐
Pacific reefs. Many species within this genus tolerate abnormally warm water and exhibit …

Photosynthesis has been using energy from sunlight to assimilate atmospheric CO2 for at
least 3.5 billion years. Through evolution and natural selection, photosynthetic organisms …

Approximately 45% of the photosynthetically fixed carbon on Earth occurs in the oceans in
phytoplankton, which account for less than 1% of the world's photosynthetic biomass. This …

The xanthophyll cycles of higher plants and algae represent an important photoprotection
mechanism. Two main xanthophyll cycles are known, the violaxanthin cycle of higher plants …

Photosynthesis in deserts is challenging since it requires fast adaptation to rapid night-to-
day changes, that is, from dawn's low light (LL) to extreme high light (HL) intensities during …

Dynamic xanthophyll cycle (XC) related non-photochemical quenching (NPQd, also called
qE) is present in most phototrophs. It allows dissipating excess light energy under adverse …

Organic carbon fixed in chloroplasts through the Calvin–Benson–Bassham Cycle can be
diverted toward different metabolic fates, including cytoplasmic and mitochondrial …