This paper reviews the recent development of fabrication methods, various properties of
porous metals with directional pores and its applications. This porous metals are fabricated …

Heat transfer continues to be a major field of interest to engineering and scientific
researchers, as well as designers, developers, and manufacturers. The wealth of …

Icing is a phenomenon that exists widely in daily life and industry, and always brings some
disadvantages. The dissolved air tends to become micro bubbles and trapped in ice, which …

The nitrogen gas pore-formation mechanism was discussed with regard to the solidification
of 21.5 Cr-1.5 Ni duplex stainless steels (DSSs) by considering nitrogen segregation and …

Structural features of oxygen gas bubbles incorporated into a growing ice crystal were
experimentally and theoretically investigated at various ice growth rates and ambient …

Particles at liquid interfaces have the tendency to cluster due to long-range capillary
interactions. This is known as the Cheerios effect. Here we experimentally and theoretically …

Gas bubbles appear in some metal oxides grown by directional solidification in air when
high growth rates are used. The incorporation of bubbles in Al2O3–YAG (AY) and Al2O3 …

The sizes of a bubble trapped in solid after nucleation on the solidification front during an
upward freezing of water containing a dissolved oxygen or carbon dioxide gas are …

The heterogeneous nucleation of bubbles on an advancing solidification front during the
freezing of water containing a dissolved gas has been experimentally and analytically …

Much attention has been paid to the lotus-type porous metals that contain aligned long
columnar pores. 1–7) Hyun et al. have shown that lotus-type porous copper has higher …