Introduction Psoriasis is a high-burden syndrome characterized by cutaneous and
extracutaneous manifestations that profoundly reduce patients' quality of life. The presence …

Objective To update the evidence on efficacy and safety of biological disease-modifying
antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) to inform the …

Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are immune disorders whose incidence and prevalence are
increasing year by year. AIDs are produced by the immune system's misidentification of self …

The cytokines IL-23 and IL-17 have an important role in the pathogenesis of, and as a
therapeutic target in, both animal models of chronic inflammation and some human chronic …

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a subset of seronegative rheumatic-related autoimmune diseases
that consist of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic spondylitis (PsA), reactive spondylitis (re …

Background: The IL-17 (interleukin 17) family consists of six structurally related pro-
inflammatory cytokines, namely IL-17A to IL-17F. These cytokines have garnered significant …

The complex crosstalk between the immune and the skeletal systems plays an
indispensable role in the maintenance of skeletal homeostasis. Various cytokines are …

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a term to describe a group of chronic inflammatory rheumatic
diseases, which have common pathophysiological, genetic, and clinical features. Under the …

Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease
characterized by immune system dysregulation and inflammation in the joints. Interleukin …

The term spondyloarthritis (SpA) encompasses a heterogeneous group of inflammatory
musculoskeletal diseases with several common genetic background and clinical features …