Progress towards achieving a quantitative understanding of the exchanges of water
between Earth's main water reservoirs is reviewed with emphasis on advances accrued from …

We reconstruct the mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet using a comprehensive survey
of thickness, surface elevation, velocity, and surface mass balance (SMB) of 260 glaciers …

Coupling between runoff, hydrology, basal motion, and mass loss (“hydrology-dynamics”) is
a critical component of the Greenland Ice Sheet system. Despite considerable research …

The glaciers flowing into the Amundsen Sea Embayment, West Antarctica, have undergone
acceleration and grounding line retreat over the past few decades that may yield an …

The ocean plays an important role in modulating the mass balance of the polar ice sheets by
interacting with the ice shelves in Antarctica and with the marine-terminating outlet glaciers …

Although worldwide inventories of glacier area have been coordinated internationally for
several decades, a similar effort for glacier ice thicknesses was only initiated in 2013. Here …

We present conventional and swath altimetry data from CryoSat-2, revealing a system of
subglacial lakes that drained between June 2013 and January 2014 under the central part …

The geology beneath Thwaites Glacier, the Antarctic glacial catchment most vulnerable to
climate change, is unknown. Thwaites Glacier lies within the West Antarctic Rift System, but …

The precise positioning and long-term monitoring of the grounding line, forming the
boundary between grounded and floating ice of marine ice sheets and tidewater glaciers, is …

Arctic warming has accelerated surface melting even in the highland areas of the Greenland
ice sheet (GrIS). Understanding the relationship between climate and surface melting is …