Key message Many approaches have been adopted to enhance the heat and drought
tolerance of wheat with mixed success. An assessment of the relative merits of different …

Estimates of climate change's economic impacts vary widely, depending on the applied
methodology. This uncertainty is a barrier for policymakers seeking to quantify the benefits of …

This planetary boundaries framework update finds that six of the nine boundaries are
transgressed, suggesting that Earth is now well outside of the safe operating space for …

Under continued global warming, extreme events such as heat waves will continue to rise in
frequency, intensity, duration, and spatial extent over the next decades (–). Younger …

Terrestrial water storage (TWS) modulates the hydrological cycle and is a key determinant of
water availability and an indicator of drought. While historical TWS variations have been …

Anthropogenic climate change is expected to affect global river flow. Here, we analyze time
series of low, mean, and high river flows from 7250 observatories around the world covering …

Adaptive management of crop growing periods by adjusting sowing dates and cultivars is
one of the central aspects of crop production systems, tightly connected to local climate …

Abstract During the period 2018–2020, Europe experienced a series of hot and dry weather
conditions with significant socioeconomic and environmental consequences. Yet, the …

Human land-use activities have resulted in large changes to the biogeochemical and
biophysical properties of the Earth surface, with consequences for climate and other …

Lake ecosystems, and the organisms that live within them, are vulnerable to temperature
change,,,–, including the increased occurrence of thermal extremes. However, very little is …