Introduction 3. Overview of eggshell: formation and structure 3.1. Eggshell calcification 3.2.
Eggshell microstructure and crystallographic texture 4. Regulation of calcification by matrix …

Vitamin D 3 is already found early in the evolution of life but essentially as inactive end
products of the photochemical reaction of 7-dehydrocholestol with ultraviolet light B. A full …

A major challenge in biology is determining how evolutionarily novel characters originate;
however, mechanistic explanations for the origin of new characters are almost completely …

The avian eggshell is a natural protective envelope that relies on the phenomenon of
biomineralization for its formation. The shell is made of calcium carbonate in the form of …

In corals, biocalcification is a major function that may be drastically affected by ocean
acidification (OA). Scleractinian corals grow by building up aragonitic exoskeletons that …

Raine syndrome is caused by mutations in FAM20C, which had been reported to encode a
secreted component of bone and teeth. We found that FAM20C encodes a Golgi-localized …

Abstract Background In Gallus gallus, eggshell formation takes place daily in the hen uterus
and requires large amounts of the ionic precursors for calcium carbonate (CaCO 3). Both …

Background The chicken eggshell is a natural mechanical barrier to protect egg components
from physical damage and microbial penetration. Its integrity and strength is critical for the …

Naturally derived materials are often preferred over synthetic materials for biomedical
applications due to their innate biological characteristics, relative availability, sustainability …

Drosophila ovarian follicles complete development using a spatially and temporally
controlled maturation process in which they resume meiosis and secrete a multi-layered …