Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most frequent chronic inflammatory disease of the CNS, and
imposes major burdens on young lives. Great progress has been made in understanding …

The myelination of axons by oligodendrocytes is a highly complex cell-to-cell interaction.
Oligodendrocytes and axons have a reciprocal signaling relationship in which …

Most spiking neurons are divided into functional compartments: a dendritic input region, a
soma, a site of action potential initiation, an axon trunk and its collaterals for propagation of …

Axonal and neuronal injury and loss are of critical importance for permanent clinical
disability in multiple sclerosis patients. Axonal injury occurs already early during the disease …

Degeneration of the axon is an important step in the pathomechanism of traumatic,
inflammatory and degenerative neurological diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that …

Neurodegeneration plays a major role in multiple sclerosis (MS), in which it is thought to be
the main determinant of permanent disability. However, the relationship between the …

The aim of this review is to provide an overview of various retinal cell degeneration models
in animal induced by chemicals (N-methyl-d-aspartate-and CoCl2-induced), autoimmune …

Animal models continue to improve our understanding of tinnitus pathogenesis and aid in
development of new treatments. However, there are no diagnostic biomarkers for tinnitus …

Neurodegeneration has been increasingly recognised as the leading structural correlate of
disability progression in autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Since calcium …

It is a common belief that voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC) cannot carry toxic
amounts of Ca2+ in neurons. Also, some of them as L-type channels are essential for Ca2+ …