The approval of the first immune checkpoint inhibitors provided a paradigm shift for the
treatment of malignancies across a broad range of indications. Whereas initially, single …

Cutaneous melanoma remains the most lethal of the primary cutaneous neoplasms, and
although the incidence of primary melanoma continues to rise, the mortality from metastatic …

Background The cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) can stimulate both effector immune cells and
regulatory T (Treg) cells. The ability of selectively engaging either of these effects has …

Cytokines are a class of potent immunoregulatory proteins that are secreted in response to
various stimuli and act locally to regulate many aspects of human physiology and disease …

Cutaneous melanoma is the main cause of death for skin cancer. The majority of patients
with a diagnosis of melanoma have localized disease, which can be successfully treated …

Radiation therapy (RT) activates multiple immunologic effects in the tumor microenvironment
(TME), with diverse dose-response relationships observed. We hypothesized that, in …

Gut microbiota, specifically gut bacteria, are critical for effective immune checkpoint
blockade therapy (ICT) for cancer. The mechanisms by which gut microbiota augment …

The therapeutic potential of interleukin (IL)-2 in cancer treatment has been known for
decades, yet its widespread adoption in clinical practice remains limited. Recently, chimeric …

PURPOSE Despite marked advances in the treatment of unresectable or metastatic
melanoma, the need for novel therapies remains. Bempegaldesleukin (BEMPEG), a …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1 or CD279)
have noticeably improved the treatment landscape of advanced cancer patients. Nivolumab …