Hormonal changes during pregnancy instigate numerous physiological changes aimed at
the growth and delivery of a healthy baby. A careful balance between immunological …

It has been nearly 15 years since the first review on pregnancy and iron deficiency was
published in Nutrition Reviews. Many unresolved issues raised in that seminal review have …

Pregnancy implies delicate immunological balance between two individuals, with constant
changes and adaptions in response to maternal capacity and fetal demands. We performed …

Background The maternal immune system undergoes substantial changes to support
healthy pregnancy. Although obesity is a primary driver of inflammation and predictive of …

Previous work has shown that psychosocial stress is related to increases in serum levels of
pro-inflammatory cytokines late in pregnancy, and a growing body of research suggests that …

Many proliferative, invasive, and immune tolerance mechanisms that support normal human
pregnancy are also exploited by malignancies to establish a nutrient supply and evade or …

Cardiac hypertrophy occurs during pregnancy as a consequence of both volume overload
and hormonal changes. Both pregnancy-and exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy are …

It is well-established that psychological stress promotes immune dysregulation in
nonpregnant humans and animals. Stress promotes inflammation, impairs antibody …

Pregnancy sickness, a suite of symptoms that frequently cooccur during pregnancy, may be
an adaptation providing behavioral prophylaxis against infection. Maternal …

Infections at the maternal-fetal interface can directly harm the fetus and induce complications
that adversely impact pregnancy outcomes. Innate immune signaling by both fetal-derived …