Hypertension is available at http://hyper. ahajournals. org DOI: 10.1161/HYP.
0000000000000047 e8 Hypertension September 2016 distributed trait. Therefore, defining …

Insulin resistance is a systemic disorder that affects many organs and insulin-regulated
pathways. The disorder is characterized by a reduced action of insulin despite increased …

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) globally, and
novel treatments are urgently needed. Current therapeutic approaches for diabetic …

Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by insufficient cardiac function. In
addition to abnormalities intrinsic to the heart, dysfunction of other organs and dysregulation …

Kidney function in metabolism is often underestimated. Although the word “clearance” is
associated to “degradation”, at nephron level, proper balance between what is truly …

Highlights•Genetic dissection of ENaC mediated sodium transport validate novel drug
targets.•Signaling pathways controlling ENaC activity identifies novel drug targets.• …

The metabolic effects of insulin predominate in skeletal muscle, fat, and liver where the
hormone binds to its receptor, thereby priming a series of cell-specific and biochemically …

Context The evidence suggest that insulin resistance (IR) complicates chronic kidney
disease (CKD); however, the longitudinal association of IR with development of CKD is …

However, because the manipulations of insulin were intravenous and, therefore, systemic,
we could not attribute the effects to direct action on the kidney. For example, glucagon has a …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide,
occuring in approximately one-third of diabetic patients. One of the earliest hallmarks of DKD …