Among human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-associated disorders, celiac disease has an
immunopathogenesis that is particularly well understood. The condition is characterized by …

Secretory IgA (SIgA) is the dominant antibody class in mucosal secretions. The majority of
plasma cells producing IgA are located within mucosal membranes lining the intestines …

Humoral immune responses are typically characterized by primary IgM antibody responses
followed by secondary antibody responses associated with immune memory and composed …

The success of vaccines is dependent on the generation and maintenance of immunological
memory. The immune system can remember previously encountered pathogens, and …

Coeliac disease is an immune-mediated enteropathy against dietary gluten present in
wheat, rye and barley and is one of the most common lifelong food-related disorders …

Vaccination, especially with multiple doses, provides substantial population-level protection
against COVID-19, but emerging variants of concern (VOC) and waning immunity represent …

Various immune mechanisms are deployed in the mucosa to confront the immense diversity
of resident bacteria. A substantial fraction of the commensal microbiota is coated with …

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the most abundant antibody class present at mucosal surfaces.
The production of IgA exceeds the production of all other antibodies combined, supporting …

A large repertoire of IgA is produced by B lymphocytes with T-independent and T-dependent
mechanisms useful in defense against pathogenic microorganisms and to reduce immune …

The adaptive immune system recognizes antigens via an immense array of antigen-binding
antibodies and T-cell receptors, the immune repertoire. The interrogation of immune …