The loss of control over drug intake that occurs in addiction was initially believed to result
from disruption of subcortical reward circuits. However, imaging studies in addictive …

Human neuroimaging studies suggest that neural cue reactivity is strongly associated with
indices of drug use, including addiction severity and treatment success. However, little is …

Does the cerebellum influence nonmotor behavior? Recent anatomical studies demonstrate
that the output of the cerebellum targets multiple nonmotor areas in the prefrontal and …

The ability to control craving for substances that offer immediate rewards but whose long-
term consumption may pose serious risks lies at the root of substance use disorders and is …

A wealth of research from the past two decades shows that addictive behaviors are
characterized by attentional biases for substance-related stimuli. We review the relevant …

In healthy individuals, food cues can trigger hunger and feeding behavior. Likewise,
smoking cues can trigger craving and relapse in smokers. Brain imaging studies report that …

Much of our knowledge of how reward information is processed in the brain comes from a
rich animal literature. Recently, the advancement of neuroimaging techniques has allowed …

Reactivity to smoking-related cues may be an important factor that precipitates relapse in
smokers who are trying to quit. The neurobiology of smoking cue reactivity has been …

The present quantitative meta‐analysis set out to test whether cue‐reactivity responses in
humans differ across drugs of abuse and whether these responses constitute the biological …

A principal feature of drug addiction is a reduced ability to regulate control over the desire to
procure drugs regardless of the risks involved. Traditional models implicated the neural …