Regional climate modeling using convection‐permitting models (CPMs; horizontal grid
spacing< 4 km) emerges as a promising framework to provide more reliable climate …

Aerosols are a critical factor in the atmospheric hydrological cycle and radiation budget. As a
major agent for clouds to form and a significant attenuator of solar radiation, aerosols affect …

The representation of nonlinear subgrid processes, especially clouds, has been a major
source of uncertainty in climate models for decades. Cloud-resolving models better …

Geological evidence indicates that grounded ice sheets reached sea level at all latitudes
during two long-lived Cryogenian (58 and≥ 5 My) glaciations. Combined uranium-lead and …

The effect of an increase in atmospheric aerosol concentrations on the distribution and
radiative properties of Earth's clouds is the most uncertain component of the overall global …

Climate projections continue to be marred by large uncertainties, which originate in
processes that need to be parameterized, such as clouds, convection, and ecosystems. But …

In this paper, the performance of three machine-learning methods for predicting short-term
evolution and for reproducing the long-term statistics of a multiscale spatiotemporal Lorenz …

The nature of the early martian climate is one of the major unanswered questions of
planetary science. Key challenges remain, but a new wave of orbital and in situ observations …

Cloud feedback—the change in top‐of‐atmosphere radiative flux resulting from the cloud
response to warming—constitutes by far the largest source of uncertainty in the climate …

Most atmospheric motions of different spatial scales and precipitation are closely related to
phase transitions in clouds. The continuously increasing resolution of large‐scale and …