Plant fungal pathogens can be classified according to their lifestyles. Biotrophs feed on
living tissue and constitute an economically significant group of pathogens historically …

Wheat and barley are the main cereal crops cultivated worldwide and serve as staple food
for a third of the world's population. However, due to enormous biotic stresses, the annual …

Net blotch, induced by the ascomycete Pyrenophora teres, has become among the most
important disease of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Easily recognizable by brown reticulated …

There is a pressing need to improve climate-resilient crops as a consequence of
increasingly erratic climatic behavior that threatens global food security. Current scientific …

Brassica oleracea var. acephala (kale) is a cruciferous vegetable widely cultivated for its
leaves and flower buds in Atlantic Europe and the Mediterranean area, being a food of great …

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the ancient grain crops cultivated and used
worldwide. In Ethiopia, barley is among important staple crops next to tef, maize, wheat and …

Pyrenophora teres is the causal agent of barley net blotch (NB), a disease that can be found
in two different forms: net form (NFNB), caused by P. teres f. teres, and spot form (SFNB) …

Fungal pathogens cause devastating disease in crops. Understanding the evolutionary
origin of pathogens is essential to the prediction of future disease emergence and the …

Necrotrophic fungi affect a wide range of plants and cause significant crop losses. For the
activation of multi-layered innate immune defences, plants can be primed or pre-conditioned …

The genus Pyrenophora includes two important cereal crop foliar pathogens and a large
number of less well-known species, many of which are also grass pathogens. Only a few of …