Deficits in neuronal function are a hallmark of spinal cord injury (SCI) and therapeutic efforts
are often focused on central nervous system (CNS) axon regeneration. However, secondary …

There is significant interest in understanding inflammatory responses within the brain and
spinal cord. Inflammatory responses that are centralized within the brain and spinal cord are …

Alcohol consumption and stress increase brain levels of known innate immune signaling
molecules. Microglia, the innate immune cells of the brain, and neurons respond to alcohol …

Inflammation of the nervous system (neuroinflammation) is now recognized as a hallmark of
virtually all neurological disorders. In neuroinflammatory conditions such as multiple …

Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) has become epidemic in modern society. Despite advances
made in the understanding of the pathogenesis and improvements in early recognition and …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe neurological disease; however, few drugs have been
proved to treat SCI effectively. Neuroinflammation is the major pathogenesis of SCI …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers a heterogeneous macrophage response that when
experimentally polarized toward alternative forms of activation (M2 macrophages) promotes …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating lesion lacking effective treatment options currently
available in clinics. The inflammatory process exacerbates the extent of the lesion through a …

Azithromycin is effective at controlling exaggerated inflammation and slowing the long-term
decline of lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis. We previously demonstrated that the …

Macrophages are one of the first innate immune cells to reach the site of infection or injury.
Diverse functions from the uptake of pathogen or antigen, its killing, and presentation, the …