There is an increasing interest in using precision dairy technologies (PDT) to monitor real-
time animal behavior and physiology in livestock systems around the world. Although PDT in …

Simple Summary Animal welfare research is intended to address societal concerns
regarding animal care, including natural living concerns. We reviewed the literature on calf …

Current animal welfare protocols focus on demonstrating the absence (or at least low levels)
of indicators of poor welfare, potentially creating a mismatch between what is expected by …

Abstract This Scientific Opinion addresses a European Commission request on the welfare
of calves as part of the Farm to Fork strategy. EFSA was asked to provide a description of …

Dairy calf welfare concerns are growing and new evidence suggests that the early life
environment influences appropriate physical, behavioral, and cognitive development lasting …

Impoverished housing environments are thought to prevent motivated behaviors and may
result in frustration. We first aimed to investigate an effective physical enrichment protocol to …

Group housing allows for dairy calves to perform social grooming behavior; however, the
use of mechanical brushes may influence how calves groom themselves and others. Our …

An important obstacle toward sustainably produced animal-source food is the existence of
so-called 'surplus animals', which are by-products of the production of dairy products and …

Across the international dairy industry, the vast majority of dairy herds have dehorned cows.
Farmers choose to dehorn calves for different reasons such as easier handling of non …

Dairy calves often perform abnormal repetitive behaviors (ARBs) including tongue rolling
and nonnutritive oral manipulation (NNOM) when opportunities to perform feeding behaviors …