Centrioles/basal bodies (CBBs) are microtubule-based cylindrical organelles that nucleate
the formation of centrosomes, cilia, and flagella. CBBs, cilia, and flagella are ancestral …

The cytoskeleton is a system of intracellular filaments crucial for cell shape, division, and
function in all three domains of life. The simple cytoskeletons of prokaryotes show surprising …

Porphyra umbilicalis (laver) belongs to an ancient group of red algae (Bangiophyceae), is
harvested for human food, and thrives in the harsh conditions of the upper intertidal zone …

Histones and associated chromatin proteins have essential functions in eukaryotic genome
organization and regulation. Despite this fundamental role in eukaryotic cell biology, we lack …

Mitotic spindles are self-organizing protein machines that harness teams of multiple force
generators to drive chromosome segregation. Kinesins are key members of these force …

Eukaryogenesis, the origin of the eukaryotic cell, represents one of the fundamental
evolutionary transitions in the history of life on earth. This event, which is estimated to have …

The G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling system is one of the main signaling
pathways in eukaryotes. Here, we analyze the evolutionary history of all its components …

The microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton supports a broad range of cellular functions, from
providing tracks for intracellular transport, to supporting movement of cilia and flagella, to …

Eukaryogenesis is one of the most enigmatic evolutionary transitions, during which simple
prokaryotic cells gave rise to complex eukaryotic cells. While evolutionary intermediates are …

Kinesin-2 was first purified as a heterotrimeric, anterograde, microtubule-based motor
consisting of two distinct kinesin-related subunits and a novel associated protein (KAP) that …