Incubation is a vital component of reproduction and parental care in birds. Maintaining
temperatures within a narrow range is necessary for embryonic development and hatching …

Linking spring migratory itineraries of individual Arctic-breeding geese to their eventual
breeding success has provided evidence that accumulation of body stores (protein, fat) at …

Important biological concepts typically have many definitions. Body condition is no
exception; it is a multi-level phenomenon that can be defined either conceptually or …

Life-history theory invokes the concepts of resource limitation and consequent fitness costs
of resource allocations to provide explanations for the ways in which animals allocate …

Individuals of different quality may have different investment strategies, shaping responses
to experimental manipulations, thereby rendering the detection of such patterns difficult …

We examined the effect of natural clutch size on the cost of incubation in a population of
common eiders Somateria mollissima nesting in Tromsø, northern Norway. The body …

We examined sources of variation in incubation patterns among female Wood Ducks (Aix
sponsa), and investigated the effect of female nest attentiveness on incubation period. Data …

Elucidating factors that limit the number of offspring produced is fundamental to
understanding life‐history evolution. Here, we examine the hypothesis that parental ability to …

Reproduction in birds requires the input of time and energy during discrete breeding phases
leading to investment trade-offs between laying date, clutch size, body mass, and incubation …

Age at maturity has been suggested to be an important life-history trait with substantial
potential for influencing the evolution of life histories. Using known reproductive histories of …