Design in synthetic biology is typically goal oriented, aiming to repurpose or optimize
existing biological functions, augmenting biology with new-to-nature capabilities, or creating …

Molecular assembly indices, which measure the number of unique sequential steps
theoretically required to construct a three-dimensional molecule from its constituent atomic …

Abstract Information complexity in animals is an indicator of advanced communication and
an intricate socio‐ecology. Zipf's Law of least effort has been used to assess the potential …

What is the nature of language? How has it evolved in different species? Are there
qualitative, well-defined classes of languages? Most studies of language evolution deal in a …

Progressive evolution, or the tendency towards increasing complexity, is a controversial
issue in biology, which resolution entails a proper measurement of complexity. Genomes are …

Mature T-cell lymphomas (TCLs) are rare, clinically heterogeneous hematologic cancers
with high medical need. TCLs have an inferior prognosis which is attributed to poor …

Scaling laws are a powerful way to compare genomes because they put all organisms onto
a single curve and reveal nontrivial generalities as genomes change in size. The …

This article investigates emergence of algorithmic complexity in computable systems that
can share information on a network. To this end, we use a theoretical approach from …

The question “What is life?” has existed since the beginning of recorded history. However,
the scientific and philosophical contexts of this question have changed and been refined as …

Molecular Biology has long tried to discover mechanisms, considering that unless we
understand the principles, we cannot develop applications. Now machine learning and …