Manipulation and navigation of micro and nanoswimmers in different fluid environments can
be achieved by chemicals, external fields, or even motile cells. Many researchers have …

Abstract Micro‐/nanorobots (m‐bots) have attracted significant interest due to their suitability
for applications in biomedical engineering and environmental remediation. Particularly, their …

Biofilm eradication from medical implants is of fundamental importance, and the treatment of
biofilm‐associated pathogen infections on inaccessible biliary stents remains challenging …

Swimming microrobots that are energized by external magnetic fields exhibit a variety of
intriguing collective behaviors, ranging from dynamic self-organization to coherent motion; …

The functionalities of the untethered miniature swimming robots significantly decrease as the
robot size becomes smaller, due to limitations of feasible miniaturized on-board …

Untethered small-scale machines (USSMs) that can actively adjust their motion,
deformation, and collective states in response to external stimuli have gained enormous …

Various types of structures self-organised by animals exist in nature, such as bird flocks and
insect swarms, which stem from the local communications of vast numbers of limited …

Micro-and nanorobots are promising devices for biomedical and environmental applications.
The past few years have witnessed rapid developments in this field. This short review …

Magnetic microrobotics has undergone approximately 20 years of development, and the
robotics and control communities have contributed significant theoretical and practical …

Micro‐and nanorobots have shown great potential for applications in various fields,
including minimally invasive surgery, targeted therapy, cell manipulation, environmental …