The globally widespread adoption of Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) began in the mid‐20th
century. Yet, it is only in the last decade that a renewed research focus has emerged into its …

Shearwaters and petrels (hereafter petrels) are highly adapted seabirds that occur across all
the world's oceans. Petrels are a threatened seabird group comprising 124 species. They …

The ability to manipulate objects with limbs has evolved repeatedly among land tetrapods.
Several selective forces have been proposed to explain the emergence of forelimb …

Good vision requires a near stationary image if motion blur is to be avoided. All animals with
good eyesight (principally the vertebrates, arthropods and cephalopod molluscs) have …

Raptors have always fascinated mankind, owls for their highly sensitive vision, and eagles
for their high visual acuity. We summarize what is presently known about the eyes as well as …

Flying animals use aerial habitats to forage, communicate and travel. However, human
activities that fragment aerial habitat with built structures, noise, and chemical or light …

Species considered raptors are subjects of monitoring programs, textbooks, scientific
societies, legislation, and multinational agreements. Yet no standard definition for the …

Highlights•Bird colour vision depends on opsins, retinal mosaic, ocular media and oil
droplets.•Birds use spectral cues for phototaxis, magnetoreception and circadian …

Heliconius butterflies are well-known for their colourful wing patterns, which advertise
distastefulness to potential predators and are used during mate choice. However, the …

The acute stress response can be considered the primary evolutionary adaptation to
maximise fitness in the face of unpredictable environmental challenges. However, the …