The global scale-up of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy (ART) has led to dramatic reductions in
HIV-1 mortality and incidence. However, HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) poses a potential …

SUMMARY HIV-1 DNA exists in nonintegrated linear and circular episomal forms and as
integrated proviruses. In patients with plasma viremia, most peripheral blood mononuclear …

Background Contemporary antiretroviral therapies (ART) and management strategies have
diminished both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment failure and the acquired …

Importance New data and antiretroviral regimens expand treatment choices in resource-rich
settings and warrant an update of recommendations to treat adults infected with human …

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) allows suppressed viremia to reach less than 50 copies/mL in
most treated persons living with HIV (PLWH). However, the existence of PLWH that show …

Background Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are recommended for first-line HIV
therapy based on their relatively high genetic barrier to resistance. Although raltegravir …

Background: The goal of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is to reduce HIV-related morbidity and
mortality by suppressing HIV replication. The prognostic value of persistent low-level viremia …

Objectives: To estimate the incidence of and risk factors for emergent resistance to integrase
strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) and nucleoside (-tide) reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) …

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the long-term impact of low-level
viremia (LLV) on all-cause mortality, AIDS and non-AIDS events (NAEs), and virological …

Objectives The objective of this study was to inform public health actions to limit first-line
ART failure and HIV drug resistance in Mozambique. Methods This was a cross-sectional …