Since the BBS article in which Premack and Woodruff (1978) asked “Does the chimpanzee
have a theory of mind?,” it has been repeatedly claimed that there is observational and …

Background Studying animal cognition in a social setting is associated with practical and
statistical challenges. However, conducting cognitive research without disturbing species …

The identification and recruitment of trustworthy partners represents an important adaptive
challenge for any species that relies heavily on cooperation [1, 2]. From an evolutionary …

Pigmentation patterns of the visible part of the eyeball, encompassing the iris and portions of
the sclera, have been discussed to be linked to social cognition in primates. The cooperative …

Many studies highlight the correlation between social ties and fitness, yet often cannot
reveal how ties influence fitness. This review is aimed to facilitate the formulation and testing …

Enduring positive social bonds between individuals are crucial for humans' health and well
being. Similar bonds can be found in a wide range of taxa, revealing the evolutionary origins …

Contemporary evolutionary theories propose that living in groups drives the selection of
enhanced cognitive skills to face competition and facilitate cooperation between individuals …

Although previous studies have shown that many species follow gaze, few have directly
compared closely related species, and thus its cross-species variation remains largely …

Social gaze has received much attention in social cognition research in both human and
non-human animals. Gaze following appears to be a central skill for acquiring social …

Primates' communicative signals are often dynamic and composed of multiple components,
sometimes belonging to different sensory modalities. Such multicomponent signals are of …