Low back pain (LBP), as a leading cause of disability, is a common musculoskeletal disorder
that results in major social and economic burdens. Recent research has identified …

Background: A 2007 American College of Physicians guideline addressed pharmacologic
options for low back pain. New evidence and medications have now become available …

Description: The American College of Physicians (ACP) developed this guideline to present
the evidence and provide clinical recommendations on noninvasive treatment of low back …

Pain is ultimately a perceptual phenomenon. It is built from information gathered by
specialized pain receptors in tissue, modified by spinal and supraspinal mechanisms, and …

Postamputation pain (PAP) is highly prevalent after limb amputation but remains an
extremely challenging pain condition to treat. A large part of its intractability stems from the …

Inhibitors of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) are among the most successful protein-based
drugs (biologics) and have proven to be clinically efficacious at reducing inflammation …

Background While it is now clear that paracetamol is ineffective for spinal pain, there is not
consensus on the efficacy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for this …

Importance Patients with osteoarthritis (OA) may remain symptomatic with traditional OA
treatments. Objective To assess 2 subcutaneous tanezumab dosing regimens for OA …

Background Chronic back pain is an important health problem. Non‐steroidal anti‐
inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used to treat people with low back pain, especially …

Neurotrophins (NTs) belong to a family of trophic factors that regulate the survival, growth
and programmed cell death of neurons. In mammals, there are four structurally and …