Recent developments in the study of pain in animals have demonstrated the potential for
pain perception in a variety of wholly aquatic species such as molluscs, crustaceans and …

We review studies claiming that fish feel pain and find deficiencies in the methods used for
pain identification, particularly for distinguishing unconscious detection of injurious stimuli …

Experiencing pain is one of the key drivers of deciding whether to protect an animal under
legislation and guidelines. Over the last two decades empirical evidence for fish …

Simple Summary In this work, for the first time, we studied some aspects of the development
of the visual system of the annual killifish (Nothobranchius guentheri) in the embryonic and …

Animal welfare assessments have struggled to investigate the emotional states of animals
while focusing solely on available empirical evidence. Qualitative Behavioural Assessment …

The endogenous opioidergic system is known to exert its effect on various physiological
processes through specific opioid receptors. In this study, we examined whether …

Animal welfare science has faced the challenge of addressing all aspects of welfare without
compromising objectivity and the need for empirical evidence. Physical health has long …

Because the number of fish being used in research is increasing rapidly, evaluating the
analgesic and pathologic effects of NSAID in fish is essential. To determine the biochemical …

Simple Summary This paper proposes a new methodology for evaluating fish coloration,
which allows us to identify differences in the intensity of coloration of specific areas of the …

Concerns regarding animal welfare are ultimately predicated on the assumption that
animals can experience subjective feelings, which are the prerequisite to experiencing …