NF-κB pathway consists of canonical and non-canonical pathways. The canonical NF-κB is
activated by various stimuli, transducing a quick but transient transcriptional activity, to …

Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) are RNA sensor molecules that
play essential roles in innate antiviral immunity. Among the three RLRs encoded by the …

RIG-I (Retinoic acid-inducible gene I) and MDA5 (Melanoma Differentiation-Associated
protein 5), collectively known as the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), are key protein sensors of …

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) survey intra-and extracellular spaces for pathogen-
associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) within microbial products of infection. Recognition …

Detection of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) is a central mechanism of innate immune
defense in many organisms. We here discuss several families of dsRNA-binding proteins …

The RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) RIG-I, MDA5, and LGP2 play a major role in pathogen
sensing of RNA virus infection to initiate and modulate antiviral immunity. The RLRs detect …

Abstract The Cul4–Rbx1–DDB1–Cereblon E3 ubiquitin ligase complex is the target of
thalidomide, lenalidomide and pomalidomide, therapeutically important drugs for multiple …

Most organisms rely on innate immune receptors to recognize conserved molecular
structures from invading microbes. Two essential innate immune receptors, RIG-I and MDA5 …

RNA virus infection is recognized by retinoic acid-inducible gene (RIG)-I–like receptors
(RLRs), RIG-I, and melanoma differentiation–associated gene 5 (MDA5) in the cytoplasm …

Viral infection results in the generation of non‐self RNA species in the cells, which is
recognized by retinoic acid inducible gene‐I‐like receptors (RLRs), and initiates innate …