All the oil and natural gas wells from underground reservoirs to the surface resemble flow
loops. Over the past couple of decades, a variety of flow loops have been established in …

Kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) have been studied, developed, and used in the oil and gas
industries for more than two decades. The main active ingredients in commercial KHI …

To investigate hydrate plugging processes and hydrate plugging mechanisms, a high-
pressure flow loop was newly designed and constructed where hydrate plugging …

Flow assurance has been considered as a major technical problem in offshore oil and gas
facilities, where hydrate blockages are frequently encountered. Intensive efforts are thus …

Gas hydrate blockage is a major challenge in flow assurance. The mechanisms underlying
hydrate formation and blockage are still not well understood, and appropriate forecasting …

As oil and gas production moves into ultra-deep water, hydrate blockage has been a major
flow assurance issue. Transport in the form of flowing hydrate slurry is an effective method to …

Gas hydrates are ice-like solids that can readily form and restrict flow in high-pressure
natural gas transmission lines. The use of antifreeze thermodynamic inhibitors dominated …

Hydrate reformation may lead to production line blockage in the development of natural gas
hydrate reservoirs. However, few studies have focused on the flow characteristics and …

Gas hydrates are solid inclusion compounds that are composed of a three-dimensional
hydrogen-bonded network of water cages that can trap small gas molecules, such as …

The high pressure and low temperature operational conditions of deepwater subsea
facilities often result in the formation of gas hydrates, which is one of the most challenging …