The history of Earth's biodiversity is punctuated episodically by mass extinctions. These are
characterized by major declines of taxon richness, but the accompanying ecological …

Oxygen levels in the atmosphere and ocean have changed dramatically over Earth history,
with major impacts on marine life. Because the early part of Earth's history lacked both …

Many modern extinction drivers are shared with past mass extinction events, such as rapid
climate warming, habitat loss, pollution and invasive species. This commonality presents a …

Previous assessments generated divergent estimates of global terrestrial soil nitrous oxide
(N 2 O) emission and its spatial distributions, which did not match the observed data well …

Two of the traits most often observed to correlate with extinction risk in marine animals are
geographical range and body size. However, the relative effects of these two traits on …

Aim Fungi are major drivers of ecosystem functioning. Increases in aridity are known to
negatively impact fungal community composition in dryland ecosystems globally; yet, much …

Understanding how biodiversity has changed through time is a central goal of evolutionary
biology. However, estimates of past biodiversity are challenged by the inherent …

Extinction selectivity determines the direction of macroevolution, especially during mass
extinction; however, its driving mechanisms remain poorly understood. By investigating the …

Mass extinctions have fundamentally altered the structure of the biosphere throughout
Earth's history. The ecological severity of mass extinctions is well studied in marine …

Static and dynamic area‐based management tools hold substantial potential to balance
socioeconomic benefits derived from fisheries and costs from bycatch mortality of at‐risk …