Muscles and bones are intricately connected tissues displaying marked co-variation during
development, growth, aging, and in many diseases. While the diagnosis and treatment of …

The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family is composed of 18 secreted signaling proteins
consisting of canonical FGFs and endocrine FGFs that activate four receptor tyrosine …

Bone matrix vesicles are commonly acknowledged as the primary site of biomineralization in
human skeletal tissue. Black phosphorus has exhibited favorable properties across various …

Abstract Fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) was first identified during a screen for factors
acting on cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Research over the subsequent two …

The enthesis is a transitional tissue between tendon and bone that matures postnatally. The
development and maturation of the enthesis involve cellular processes likened to an …

Background Tendons and ligaments attach to bone are essential for joint mobility and
stability in vertebrates. Tendon and ligament attachments (ie, entheses) are found at bony …

Entheses are connective tissues that connect tendon to bone, two vastly different
hierarchical materials with different structural and mechanical properties. As a result of this …