Optimisation of water distribution system design is a well-established research field, which
has been extremely productive since the end of the 1980s. Its primary focus is to minimise …

Water distribution networks are crucial for supplying consumers with quality and adequate
water. A water distribution system comprises connected hydraulic components which ensure …

Optimization of the operating conditions of district heating networks is usually performed
limiting the analysis to the primary energy related with heat production. An additional aspect …

Among the various heating technologies that can be applied to urban areas district heating
is recognized to allow significant reduction in primary energy consumption, provided that the …

Water and wastewater services have been provided through centralised systems for more
than a century. The operational and management approaches of the water systems face …

Forum papers are thought-provoking opinion pieces or essays founded in fact, sometimes
containing speculation, on a civil engineering topic of general interest and relevance to the …

Population explosion in urban settings usually exerts enormous pressure on existing water
supply systems. The result is that overall water demand is usually not satisfied. This study …

Rigid water column (RWC) models simulate the unsteady-incompressible hydraulics of
pressurized pipe networks. They conceptually lie between water hammer and quasi-steady …

Do you drink water, take showers, water your garden? Do you live in a city? Have you
considered whether your water consumption impacts the volume of available water, quality …

An extensive review of research advances in distribution system management was
conducted to include methods, tools, and frameworks for integration. Sources included …