Models—mathematical frameworks that facilitate estimation of the consequences of health
care decisions—have become essential tools for health technology assessment. Evolution …

Objectives The objective of the study is to present the Grading of Recommendations
Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) conceptual approach to the …

The allocation of healthcare resources among competing priorities requires an assessment
of the expected costs and health effects of investing resources in the activities and of the …

The evaluation of the cost and health implications of agreeing to cover a new health
technology is best accomplished using a model that mathematically combines inputs from …

The communication of uncertainty in clinical evidence is an important endeavor that poses
difficult conceptual, methodological, and ethical problems. Conceptual problems include …

Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is increasingly used to support decisions in
healthcare involving multiple and conflicting criteria. Although uncertainty is usually carefully …

Background Dynamic transmission models are increasingly being used to improve our
understanding of the epidemiology of healthcare-associated infections (HCAI). However …

The neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) thrive mainly among the poorest populations of the
world. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set ambitious targets for eliminating much …

Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) imposes a substantial burden on pediatric
hospital capacity in Europe. Promising prophylactic interventions against RSV including …

Conducting real-world public health experiments is often costly, time-consuming, and
ethically challenging, so mathematical models have a long-standing history of being used to …