Introduction: Cognitive enhancers (CEs), also known as “smart drugs”,“study aids” or
“nootropics” are a cause of concern. Recent research studies investigated the use of CEs …

Objective To review all literature on the nonmedical use (NMU) and diversion of prescription
stimulants to better understand the characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of NMU and to …

Importance An increasing prevalence of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
diagnosis and treatment has been reported in clinical settings and administrative data in the …

Abstract 'Smart drugs'(also known as 'nootropics' and 'cognitive enhancers'[CEs]) are being
used by healthy subjects (ie students and workers) typically to improve memory, attention …

Anecdotal reports suggest that the administration of sub-hallucinogenic doses of
psychedelic compounds on a chronic, intermittent schedule–a practice known as …

Introduction: Smart drugs are among the most common drugs used by students. It is
estimated that they are second in incidence after cannabis. Although they are usually used …

The so-called neurorights are emerging human rights, or rather reconfigurations of already
existing human rights, seeking to address the impact of the possible misuse of …

Pharmaceuticals which originally were designed to treat people with neurological and
psychiatric conditions, eg Alzheimer's disease or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder …

Recent pharmacoepidemiologic studies suggest that pharmacological neuroenhancement
(pNE) and mood enhancement are globally expanding phenomena with distinctly different …

Aiming to develop and implement intervention strategies targeting pharmacological
neuroenhancement (PN) among university students more specifically, we (1) assessed the …