Mitochondria are well known as organelles responsible for the maintenance of cellular
bioenergetics through the production of ATP. Although oxidative phosphorylation may be …

The liver is the sixth most common site of primary cancer in humans and the fourth leading
cause of cancer‐related death in the world. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for …

The pandemic of COVID-19 has posed an unprecedented threat to global public health.
However, the interplay between the viral pathogen of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, and host …

Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the central nervous system (CNS), performing
complex functions in health and disease. It is now clear that multiple astrocyte subsets or …

Cancers arise through the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations that enable
cells to evade telomere-based proliferative barriers and achieve immortality. One such …

Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) are RNA sensor molecules that
play essential roles in innate antiviral immunity. Among the three RLRs encoded by the …

Mitochondria are the energy center of the cell. They are found in the cell cytoplasm as
dynamic networks where they adapt energy production based on the cell's needs. They are …

Peroxisomes are subcellular organelles that play a central role in human physiology by
catalyzing a range of unique metabolic functions. The importance of peroxisomes for human …

Since the discovery of Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) as an important pivot for
cytosolic DNA sensation and interferon (IFN) induction, intensive efforts have been …

RIG‐I is our first line of defense against RNA viruses, serving as a pattern recognition
receptor that identifies molecular features common among dsRNA and ssRNA viral …